Schneider, Arne (2013): L1-Phonemerwerb als dynamischer Prozess, L1 Phoneme acquisition as a dynamic process. Dissertation, LMU München: Faculty for Languages and Literatures |
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Abstract
Für den kindlichen Spracherwerb (L1-Phonemerwerb) werden Grundzüge eines Modells entwickelt, das auf die Annahme von angeborenen Regeln verzichtet und von einer Selbststeuerung des Prozesses ausgeht, der durch die kognitive Entwicklung, die Entdeckung kausaler Beziehungen, vorangetrieben und durch die Perzeption eigener und fremder Lautäußerungen über eine immanente Abstandsregelung innerhalb eines begrenzten artikulatorischen und phonologischen Raumes gesteuert wird. Die Silbe wird in diesem Prozess als kleinste Lauteinheit angenommen, aus der sich onto- und phylogenetisch Phoneme über die Bildung von Schnittmengen als nützliche illusionäre Einheiten herausbilden (herausgebildet haben). Da der Spracherwerb des Kindes nicht als Lernprozess verstanden wird, sondern primär als Ausbildung eines eigenständigen Systems, das durch die Perzeption der Zielsprache beeinflusst, aber nicht ursächlich gesteuert wird, wird auf alle Vergleiche zwischen kindlichen Lautäußerungen und ihnen zuzuordnenden Lautäußerungen der Zielsprache verzichtet. Diese Zuordnung wird kritisch gesehen, da semantisch ebenfalls nur von Schnittmengen zwischen kindlichen Lautäußerungen und denen der Zielsprache auszugehen ist. Die Ergebnisse der quantitativen Untersuchung von zwei Korpora werden als Indiz für die Annahme gewertet, dass der Entwicklungsprozess des Phonemsystems strukturell dem organischen Wachstum in der belebten Natur ähnelt, z. B. dem eines Baumes.
Abstract
The starting point of the work is the idea that language-acquisition takes place dynamically and should be seen in conjunction with the evolutionary development of mankind. The fundamental questions of language-acquisition must be placed in an evolutionary context, thereby rejecting the assumption of innate rules: Why does man speak, why do children grow into a particular linguistic context, why and how do languages change, what is the influence of the speech organs on language-development? To answer these and other questions, a specific model of language-development is put forward, which primarily investigates phoneme-acquisition, since it lends itself to quantification. Regarding the language-acquisition of children (L1-phoneme-acquisition), outlines of a model are developed that avoids the assumption of innate rules and postulates a self-controlled process instead. This process is driven by cognitive development and the discovery of causal relations and is being controlled by the perception of one's own and others' utterances, using an immanent distance-regulation within a limited articulatory and phonological space. The syllable is assumed to be the smallest sound-unit in this process, from which phonemes emerge(d) ontogenetically and phylogenetically as useful illusions via the formation of overlaps (intersections). Since language-acquisition of the child is not considered to be a learning process, but rather the formation of a standalone-system that is influenced by the child's perception of the target language, but not causally controlled by it, all comparisons between the child's vocalizations and correlated utterances of the target-language are omitted. This mapping between sound forms of the child and the target language is carried out in theories, which are called "discourse theories" in the thesis, and is viewed critically, because besides the intersections (overlaps) on the sound level there are also only semantic intersections (overlaps). The results of the quantitative analysis of two corpora of children with German as their native language are regarded as evidence for the assumption that the development of the phoneme system is structurally similar to the organic growth in nature, like that of a tree, and also as evidence for other important trends, for example an upper limit of the possible number of different syllables for a speaker, which is determined by the limited space. A new theoretical position is established by the verbal model of the doctoral thesis, which is incompatible with other theoretical approaches, among others the theories which are called "Diskurstheorien" (discourse theories) or "Theorien der phonetischen Steuerung" (theories of phonetic control).
Item Type: | Theses (Dissertation, LMU Munich) |
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Keywords: | L1 - Spracherwerb, Evolutionäre Sprachtheorie, Silbentheorie, Phonemtheorie, Selbststeuerung des Phonemsystems |
Subjects: | 400 Language 400 Language > 410 Linguistics |
Faculties: | Faculty for Languages and Literatures |
Language: | German |
Date of oral examination: | 11. February 2013 |
1. Referee: | Elsen, Hilke |
MD5 Checksum of the PDF-file: | ecc59753bdfe21085010dacee4161c8a |
Signature of the printed copy: | 0001/UMC 21210 |
ID Code: | 15711 |
Deposited On: | 23. May 2013 09:56 |
Last Modified: | 24. Oct 2020 01:07 |